Under basal physiological conditions both human and murine lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) express both MHC class I and MHC class II molecules ( 1). MHC I and MHC II Antigen Processing Machinery MHC I and MHC II Molecules The ultimate goal is to provide an overview of the LEC antigen processing and presentation machinery that constitutes the molecular basis for their role in MHC I and MHC II-restricted immune responses. Herein we review the current knowledge of LEC MHC I and MHC II antigen processing and presentation pathways, Including the role of LEC in antigen phagocytosis, classical, and non-classical MHC II presentation, proteasome processing and MHC I presentation, and cross-presentation. While the immunological interaction between LEC and other immune cells has taken a center stage, molecular analysis of LEC antigen processing and presentation machinery is still lagging. However, recent work has shown that LEC are active immunological players whose interaction with dendritic cells and T cells is of important immunomodulatory relevance. Until a few years ago, lymphatic vessels and lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) were viewed as part of a passive conduit for lymph and immune cells to reach lymph nodes (LN).
2Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.1Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
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